With the expansion of communication technologies and the increasing influence of new media, emerging cultural threats have become one of the most important challenges to the soft and cognitive security of military organizations. In the meantime, improving the media literacy of armed forces personnel can play an effective role in increasing their ability to recognize, analyze, evaluate, and manage media messages and reduce vulnerability to cognitive warfare, psychological operations, and the spread of false news. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of media literacy on the readiness of the personnel of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army in facing emerging cultural threats. This study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of method. The statistical population includes personnel of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army, and data were collected through a standard questionnaire on readiness against emerging cultural threats. Descriptive and inferential statistics and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data using SPSS and SmartPLS software. The research findings show that media literacy has a positive and significant impact on the readiness of the personnel of the Islamic Republic of Iran's army to face emerging cultural threats, and its various dimensions, including access, analysis, critical evaluation, and conscious production of media messages, improve the ability to recognize, make decisions, and cultural resilience of the personnel.